Scrubbers
Jet scrubber
Jet Scrubbers are very versatile, either as fast absorber, de-duster or gas cooler. They operate according to the injection principle and do not cause any pressure loss but generate a pressure increase in the gas flow instead.
The circulating scrubbing liquid serves as a motive medium and conveys the induced gas through the jet scrubber pipe. They can be immediately put into operation, making of them the best choice in case of any emergency.
With a gas volume flow of up to 200,000 m3/h, Jet Scrubbers are suitable for quenching, absorption, particle separation and as emergency scrubber system. The system easily scales down to flow rates of 5 m3/h or less as well.
For particle sizes larger than approximately 3 µm, Jet Scrubbers can achieve a separation efficiency of over 98% while still maintaining a pressure gain. Depending on the density of the particles, the efficiency can be even higher.
The Jet scrubbers from GEA consist of a vertical or sloped standing tube with vertical gas inlet and a liquid distribution by propelling jet nozzles. Followed downstream by a separation and storage tank.
As emergency scrubbers they are utilized as:
- Chlorine, HF or Ammonia scrubber in the chemical industry
- Mobile systems for firefighting/HazOp deparments
Jet Scrubbers can be used for de-dusting applications such as:
- Cleaning lime furnace gases upstream compressors (sugar industry, soda production)
- Cleaning flare gas and pryolysis gases upstream compressors (petro-chemical industry)
Among their applications as gas coolers are to find:
- Pre-cooling and inter-cooling in compression units
- Simultaneous quenching and absorpiton of large quantities of harmful gases
Key features
- Can be made of almost any material
- Wide range of applications
- Combination of particle separation and separation of pollutants in one unit
- Auto-suction, no pressure loss
- Low maintenance requirements
- Easily adaptable to large fluctuations in load
- Resistance to fouling
Working Principle
How do Jet Scrubbers work?
At the head of the jet scrubber, a scrubbing fluid via special propelling nozzles is injected and finely dispersed to produce a maximum gas/liquid exchange surface. It drops with high relative speed to the gas flow.
Due to the high energy input, the jet scrubber has the capacity to take and deliver gases or fumes by itself. This injector effect allows cleaning of the exhaust gases without generating pressure loss on the gas side. Therefore, as a rule of thumb, there is no requirement for a mechanical ventilator to draw off and convey the gas.
Given the modified design, including a quench, gases at up to 1,300 °C can be cooled and scrubbed in one process.
The quench effect ensures the cooling down of gases or vapors, causing the gas stream to cool down to its respective cooling limit temperature by evaporation of water into the gas stream. Vapors can be cooled down and condensed by heat conduction.
Along the way through the jet tube, the absorption of the pollutant component dissolves in the liquid. In the case of chemical absorption, the pollutant component is bound chemically.
Benefiting from the so-called “inertial separation effect”, solid particles or drops are separated in the motive nozzles by colliding with fast-flying droplets of the liquid.
Gas and liquid must be separated again at the end of the jet scrubber tube by a downstream centrifugal separator.
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