Jan. 20, 2025

Filtration sensation: the washing machine principle

Engineering innovation often takes the form of incremental gains. Once in a while, it takes a leap. Case in point: The washing machine. Launched in September 2022, two new GEA software solutions are upending convention and delivering similarly dramatic efficiency gains in the resource-intensive process of membrane filtration.

Whey protein has seen a change of fortune over the years. For millennia, it was largely treated as a waste product of the cheese-making process. Not anymore. Today it is prized by consumers young and old as a convenient source of bioavailable protein – for building muscle, managing weight or supporting bone, immune and skin health, to name a few of its benefits. Demand has surged. As of 2022, the global whey protein market was valued at nearly $20 billion and projected to double by 2032. 

Making enough whey protein to meet the demand involves an industrial process called membrane filtration – a process critical to ensuring the quality and safety of many food products. Membrane filtration techniques are used in food, dairy and beverage production to purify water; clarify wine, beer and juices; and isolate soy or dairy proteins, such as whey. They are also used to separate fish collagen, another increasingly popular ingredient for an increasingly health-conscious population. 

GEA's Smart Filtration CIP and Flush are digital solutions that optimize cleaning processes within a GEA Membrane Filtration unit (reverse osmosis). (Image: GEA)

One of several filtration technologies, membrane filtration distinguishes itself as a pressure-driven process that physically separates substances thereby reducing the need for thermal treatment (e.g., heat), chemical treatment (e.g., additives) or pH adjustments – all of which make it ideal for food and beverage processing. If there is a drawback, it’s the need to thoroughly clean the membranes to remove fouling and ensure efficient operation. A typical dairy whey protein plant conducts a clean-in-place (CIP) cycle for its filtration plants once every day, a resource-intensive step that consumes up to 10% to 20% of total electricity and, in many cases, 100% of water used in a filtration production cycle. With market demand for more resource-efficient membrane filtration growing, GEA engineers identified the CIP process as a high-leverage opportunity for sustainability gains. They decided to take a closer look at the process and rethink it. The results have been dramatic.

Light-bulb moment

Starting in 2020, GEA engineers Nils Mørk and David Mikkelsen – along with a team from GEA’s Centre of Competence for Membrane Filtration Technologies – began developing a pair of digital solutions that are now radically reducing the water and electricity needed to during membrane cleaning. Patents are currently pending for both solutions. “I guess you could say we were inspired by a washing machine,” says Mørk with a smile. Rather than constantly agitate the clothes, today’s energy efficient laundry machines allow for intervals of rest to conserve power – an approach like the envisioned functionality, which led to the team’s discovery of Smart Filtration CIP solution that replaces the standard CIP process. “For decades the process of cleaning the filtration membranes has involved applying continuous maximum pressure across the membranes to ensure high shear forces and strong rinse flow for the best mechanical washing,” explains Mørk. “We challenged the perception that constant high sheer stress is needed for efficient and complete cleaning.” Their outcome was to use software to pulsate the pressure pumps instead running them continuously. “As it turns out, we can retain the effectiveness of the CIP process while consuming significantly less electrical power.”

A team from GEA’s Centre of Competence for Membrane Filtration Technologies came together to develop Smart Filtration CIP and Flush. (Image: GEA)

Significant might be an understatement. For the same cleaning efficiency, their Smart Filtration CIP software reduces energy input by up to 46%. For a large whey protein plant performing a CIP cycle one times per day, this translates into power savings of up to 400 kWh per day and nearly 150,000 kWh per year – enough to power roughly 40 German households for a year. 

Moreover, pulsing the cleaning loops requires less energy to maintain temperatures, which means far less cooling water is needed during CIP. “If you don't add 400 kilowatts, you don't have to remove 400 kilowatts of heat,” says GEA’s Mads Bjerre Andersen, Technical Sales Manager, Membrane Filtration Technologies. “It’s another great example of the efficiency gains – and we’re seeing customers coming back and choosing GEA solutions because our operational expenditures (OPEX) are now much lower than our competition.”

The partner software to Smart Filtration CIP is Smart Filtration Flush, which governs the flushing of the filtration equipment. “The conventional approach is to determine the length of the flush cycle based on the volume of water used. This is based on past data, so it remains an approximation – and suboptimal,” explains Mikkelsen. Thanks to modern sensor technology, the team’s new software measures the product properties in real time so that operators know when exactly the individual process streams have been flushed sufficiently. As soon as the results are achieved, the process shuts off. “The flush time and water volume are optimized by basing them on actual inline measurements, not the volume of water used,” says Mikkelsen.

Here, too, the results are impressive. The software reduces freshwater consumption during CIP by up to 52% compared with conventional membrane filtration systems. “A typical dairy whey protein concentration process needs two to four interconnected filtration plants – a setup that can require more than 100,000 liters of water per cleaning cycle,” explains Mikkelsen. “Today, we know from plant tests that we can save well up to 50,000 liters of water per cleaning in such large plants and 500 to 700 liters per CIP in small productions.” Using the software, a single large plant could save up to up to 100,000 liters per day and roughly 36 million per year, enough to supply some 400 German households. “More efficient flushing also means less time required for CIP, which translates into greater production uptime,” says Mikkelsen. “Lower water intake also means a lower hydraulic load on the wastewater system.”

Ammerland dairy in northern German produces more than 400 metric tonnes of cheese per day, among other products.

Digitalization supercharge

The breakthrough offers a prime example of unlocking the power of digitalization to achieve resource-saving innovation, a core objective of GEA’s Mission 2030 strategy. Such resource savings are usually realized in the form of gradual efficiency gains; in this case it was more of a leap. “Sometimes you find a solution like we have and you realize that you can operate with a lot less power and water just by taking a critical look at existing processes,” says Mikkelsen. “And digitalization has been a gift for us. We're pulling much more information from pumps and flowmeters, and other process instruments learning about the actual effect of different speeds and different pumps on power and water consumption. It has taken the guesswork out of the process and provides tremendous leverage for boosting cost resource efficiency for our customers.”

The GEA team recently installed the CIP and Flush software at the Ammerland dairy in northern Germany. One of the largest, most modern dairy cooperatives in the world, Ammerland produces 400 metric tonnes of cheese per day, along with 60 metric tonnes of butter and 160 metric tonnes of milk powder, exporting half of its products to more than 60 countries. In April 2024, Ammerland’s Wiefelstede production site retrofitted GEA’s Smart Filtration CIP and Flush software onto three membrane filtration plants to optimize membrane filtration cleaning. This included one membrane filtration plant from a non-GEA supplier. As of November 2024, Ammerland had reduced their water usage by 48% and energy consumption by up to 77% for the CIP process. 

“Consider the sheer number of crossflow membrane filtration plants operating around the world. The total potential for reduction in power consumption and the environmental impact is substantial” says Mørk “It´s great to see how this digital solution has such profound impact on energy consumption.”

Add Better

Add Better in action

Both Smart Filtration CIP and Smart Filtration Flush carry GEA’s Add Better ecolabel for resource efficient solutions independently validated by TÜV Rheinland.

Smart Filtration CIP

  • reduces electrical energy consumption by up to 46% during Smart CIP
  • requires less cooling water to maintain a steady temperature, so a factory's cooling water supply can also be reduced, recouping installation costs
  • is standard in all new GEA membrane filtration installations but can also be retrofitted to non-GEA systems (in dairy, beverage and new food)

Smart Filtration Flush

  • consumes up to 52% less water during CIP Flush
  • is more efficient in flushing, which means less time required for CIP and greater production uptime
  • discharges less wastewater into the treatment plant
  • reduces water consumption and lowers overall water installation costs in the membrane filtration plant
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